Soil State:
Official State Soils and official state flowers and birds are all classified similarly.
Soil series refer to areas with similar soils due to their origins, chemical, and physical properties, resulting in similar land use performance. Soil series names are derived from the town or landmark where the soil was first recognized, consisting of soils with similar major horizons in color, texture, structure, reaction, consistency, mineral composition, and arrangement.
The surface layer of soil is the horizon where organic matter accumulates most and is the horizon where clay minerals and iron and aluminum oxides leach. Soil with a subsurface layer below the surface layer accumulates clay minerals, oxides, and other compounds. These may have been leached from the surface layer or formed in place. The subsoil is firm, lighter, and typically prismatic, while the substratum contains weathered material.
